What is a common complication of COPD relating to heart function?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is closely associated with heart complications, primarily due to the increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation caused by lung disease. This leads to right-sided heart failure, also known as cor pulmonale. In patients with COPD, the hypoxia (lack of oxygen) and hypercapnia (excess carbon dioxide) can cause vasoconstriction in the pulmonary arteries, which elevates the pressure in those blood vessels. Over time, the right ventricle works harder to pump blood against this increased resistance, ultimately leading to its enlargement and failure.

The significance of right-sided heart failure in COPD patients is pivotal; they may experience symptoms such as peripheral edema, ascites, and elevated jugular venous pressure due to the systemic effects of right-sided heart dysfunction. Understanding this association helps healthcare professionals anticipate and manage complications that could worsen the patient's overall condition, emphasizing the importance of monitoring cardiac function in individuals with advanced COPD.